What Is A Stock Market Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

A stock market also known as an equity market is a public entity where shares are issued and traded either through exchanges or over-the-counter markets. It provides companies with a platform to raise capital and investors with a percentage of ownership in the company. The New York Stock Exchange is the largest stock exchange in the USA, in terms of market capitalization. In Asia, few of the prominent examples include the Tokyo Stock Exchange, the Bombay Stock Exchange etc. The stock market allows shares of businesses to be publicly traded, or raise additional financial capital for expansion (through additional stock offerings). The liquidity that an exchange provides to the investors gives them the ability to easily buy and sell securities. Some companies actively increase liquidity by trading in their own shares. Share prices and stock market movements are an important part of the dynamics of economic activity, and is often considered a good indicator of economic health of a nation. An economy where the stock market is on the rise is considered to be a healthy economy. In fact, the stock market is often considered the primary indicator of a countrys economic strength, development and progress. Rising share prices, for instance, tend to be associated with increased business investment and vice versa. Share prices also affect the income levels o f households and their spending and consumption patterns. Therefore, central banks tend to keep a watchful eye on the smooth operation and stability of the financial system. The intrinsic value of a company and its stock Intrinsic or fundamental value is the perceived value of an investments future cash flows, expected growth, and risk. A wise investor would want to purchase shares at a rate which is lower than the intrinsic value, which may be quite different from the market price (which is determined by the forces of demand and supply) of the share. Every buyer and seller has his/her own rationale behind purchasing or selling an asset, and they may employ different methods to estimate the value of the asset before making a decision to trade in it. Therefore, an asset may trade at a price which is significantly below or above its perceived intrinsic or fundamental value. The purpose of estimating intrinsic value is to take advantage of mispriced assets. If the market value of an asset is above its intrinsic value then the investor might choose to sell the asset. If the market value of an asset is below intrinsic value then the investor might choose to purchase the asset. In broad terms, t here are 3 commonly used methods to calculate the intrinsic value of a stock:- Discounted Cash Flow or NPV Analysis The most common technique is the discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis for calculating the net present value. In simple terms, the DCF technique tries to compute the value today, based on projections of all of the cash flows that the company aims to generate during a few years in the future. It works on the principle of time value of money (TVM) (i.e. cash to be received in the future is of less than that received today). This is not always easy; it is a difficult task to forecast how a companys future cash flows will grow, the duration for which they will grow, and what rate should be used to discount it and arrive at its present value. The DCF technique can be outlined in 4 steps as follows:- Step 1: Forecast the expected cash flows of the company. Various assumptions regarding the growth rate, working capital requirements etc. will have to be used in order to arrive at a relatively accurate forecast. Step 2: Compute the discount rate to be used for computing the NPV of the cash flows. This rate is also known as the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC). WACC = [E/(E+D)*Re] + [D/(E+D)*Rd][1-Tc] Where, E = Market value of the firms equity D = Market value of the firms debt Re = Cost of equity Rd = Cost of debt Tc = Corporate tax rate. Step 3: Calculate the value of the company by using the WACC to discount the expected cash flows. Step 4: Calculate the intrinsic stock value, by subtracting the companys liabilities (such as debt, preferred stock etc.) to get the Value to Common Equity and then divide this by the number of shares outstanding. The advantage of DCF analysis is that it is based on free cash flows (FCF), which is less subject to manipulation than figures and estimates computed using the financial statements of a company. It is also forward-looking and relies more on the future performance o f the company, rather than past trends. Earnings power value (EPV) Earnings Power Value is a valuation technique which uses the equation: EPV equals Adjusted Earnings divided by the companys Cost of Capital. This technique works under the assumption that there is no growth. Therefore, analysts believe that this is a simpler way to analyze stocks than DCF analysis (which relies on speculative growth assumptions for the future). However, it does rely on an assumption about the cost of capital, as well as the fact that current earnings are sustainable (with several adjustments). Asset-based methods These methods require analysis and computed based on figures available in the financial statements of a company (such as Income Statement, Balance Sheet etc.). One of the techniques (the liquidation value technique) aims to estimate the value at which the various assets of the company (such as land, machinery etc.) can be sold off, after accounting for any liabilities that may be outstanding at that point of time.

What You Need To Know Before Attending College

What You Need To Know Before Attending College Acquiring a college education is a goal that countless individuals hope to achieve. However, the idea of selecting a school, choosing a major and charting a course for ultimate success can seem like a series of insurmountable challenges. Fortunately, the tips that follow below offer a framework for getting the entire process underway. Don't worry about choosing your major right away. Most schools give you until your junior year to select a major, so you should take time to explore different options and figure out what you most enjoy and might want to make a career out of before you select your major. Make sure that you purchase a pair of flip flops for showers in your dorm. These are essential as you do not know the forms of bacteria that are on the shower floor. Also, they can serve as a form of comfort for you during your shower. Flip flops are inexpensive and can be stylish, as they make a great addition to your shower arsenal. Find a place to study that is conducive to your style of studying. If you can study while blocking out noise then your dorm room may be fine. But if you need privacy and quiet then find a quiet corner in one of the less popular areas of the library or a perhaps a peaceful and relaxing space outdoors. Always eat a good breakfast before going to class, especially if you have a test. Even an apple will do. It can be distracting if you are hungry during class. By eating at least a small meal, you will be better able to focus on the test and recall all of the information that you studied. There is no denying the important role a college education can play in just about anyone's life. But, many worry that they do not know enough about higher education to make intelligent decisions about their future. By keeping the above information close at hand, it is possible to make the entire process clearer and much more intuitive than you may have thought possible.

You Can Be A Savvy College Student

You Can Be A Savvy College Student So, you have finally made it to college: now what? Is it time to have fun and party, fitting a few hours of study time in? Maybe you will meet your future spouse on campus or launch the next great start-up company? No matter what your collegiate career has in store, the following article has some good advice to see you through. If you want to get an education on a limited budget, consider going to a community college for two years before transferring to a different universities. You will find that community colleges are cheaper than other schools and your credits will transfer as long as you complete your general education before transferring. Organization of your time, your schedule and your responsibilities is essential to making your time in college count. You should know exactly where you have to be, when you are supposed to be there and how you will get there. If you are not organized, you will soon be confused and late with assignments. Studying has everything to do with the quality of your study environment. A dorm is the worst place you can study. Instead, search for quiet locations where you can study without noise or interruptions. Studying in a library is always a great idea. When you cannot find a suitable place to study, you can also use special noise-cancelling headphones. Work out at the campus gym as much as you can. You can meet other active college students and workout. You can find other people to work out with. College is a crazy and wonderful time, full of learning, meeting new people and discovering so much more about yourself. Take full advantage of this time and keep the end-goal in mind at all times. Once you've got that college diploma, the sky is the limit to what you can do!

Topics to Use For Your The Five People You Meet in Heaven Essay

<h1>Topics to Use For Your The Five People You Meet in Heaven Essay</h1><p>As you are finishing your The Five People You Meet in Heaven paper, you have to locate the great subjects to use for this segment. There are loads of acceptable points that you can utilize, and you should simply be imaginative and thought of a touch of something that will grab the eye of your students.</p><p></p><p>The first thing that you have to do before you begin composing your paper is to concocted some great names for the individuals in your story. At the point when you consider it, it is highly unlikely you will overlook the names of these individuals, so it is significant that you concoct one of a kind names for every one of them. The names that you think of ought to be not the same as any of different names you have in your class.</p><p></p><p>The following stage that you should take before you start composing your The Five People You M eet in Heaven paper is to make sense of how you are going to tell the individuals' names. In the event that you have quite recently the name of the individual that you are expounding on, at that point you might need to consider beginning with the primary individual to present the person in question and afterward experiencing the remainder of the rundown. On the off chance that you will incorporate individuals, at that point the procedure will be somewhat unique, however it will even now require some investment and exertion to make sense of how you are going to make the names more identifiable.</p><p></p><p>The following stage that you have to take before you start composing your paper is to choose what individuals you are going to tell. Most understudies have a thought of who they need to discuss. It is in every case great to tell your understudies what gathering of individuals you are going to center on.</p><p></p><p>The most signific ant thing when you are picking theme subjects is to give your understudies some thought of what you are going to cover. This will assist them with getting progressively amped up for finding out about the individuals in your story.</p><p></p><p>It is additionally critical to tell your understudies what sort of stories you will expound on. They ought to have the option to mention to you what sort of thoughts you are going to handle so as to assist them with showing signs of improvement thought of what you are composing about.</p><p></p><p>Once you know who you are going to concentrate on, you have to look into the huge names and find out about their lives. While you are finding out about these individuals, you might need to write down a couple of realities about the individual that you are expounding on so you can think of an appropriate rundown toward the finish of your essay.</p><p></p><p>There are heaps of genu ine great themes that you can use so as to give extraordinary models and data about how you are showing your understudies paradise. Recollect that you have to allow them to find out about the subject with the goal that they can settle on an educated choice about whether to accept what you need to say.</p>

Life After Examples of Sociology Research Papers

<h1> Life After Examples of Sociology Research Papers </h1> <h2> The Examples of Sociology Research Papers Chronicles </h2> <p>One of the most troublesome assignments for understudies is making up sensible and useful subjects. You should think about some main problems which may be fascinating to the crowd. You ought to likewise consider getting master help on the off chance that you come up short on the abilities to research and detail an instructive and sensible point without anyone else. The social issues explore papers may show up simple to write in correlation with various points, yet at the same time it requests a very imaginative methodology, a huge amount of interest and capacity to think past the container and search data in whimsical sources. </p> <p>There are a great deal of research paper tests promptly accessible on the web. Notwithstanding, it's quite often an extraordinary thought to discover help with mind boggling or direct research paper points. The act of picking incredible research paper subjects is a major responsibility. Along these lines, in case you're asking how you can keep on keeping your examination on target to give increasingly solid results, we've arranged a few proposals to keep you on course and upgrade the gauge of your exploration. </p> <h2>Examples of Sociology Research Papers Ideas </h2> <p>Thus, recollect that in such a significant field as ecological humanism, there are a few indispensable things to talk about. In this way, the techniques you select will mirror the kind of proof generally suitable to the inquiries that you pose. Consider the diagram models which best suit your work to best sort out your thoughts. Extra the thoughts you present should be upheld by appli cable proof. </p> <p>You subsequently should assess your human science paper points thoughts and pick the one that is simple for your perusers to grasp. Following are a couple of the proposed human science exposition theme for those understudies that can't pick an incredible point for their task. In case you're an understudy learning human science, chances are you will be mentioned to create a theoretical. There are numerous understudies who don't see how to create a human science paper. </p> <p>Writing is among the hardest and generally compensating of every insightful interest. Humanism classes spread data which is identified with individuals in any region of study. Human science is a field with a wide assortment of utilizations in this day and age. Understudies may consistently get direction about how to make prevalent themes on the web. </p> <p>The information investigation is among the key activities in the technique for composing a quantitative research paper. The strategies used in quantitative research paper could be isolated into three gatherings. The survey includes exploring the examination which has been done on a particular theme and afterward summing up and assessing what you've found. Logical distributions reliant on the results of studies in profile diaries aren't constantly created, and the collected amount of studies and a wide assortment of particular distributions makes the quest for information that isn't distributed on the Internet amazingly precarious. </p> <p>Although doing an examination paper can be scary, it truly is minimal more than the mix of a few of the areas of the papers we have just talked about. It's not possible for anyone to compose an extraordinary paper in 1 draft on the night prior to the paper is expected. Else, you may end up composing a low quality paper. Remember that composing an incredible humanism paper begins with posing a superb sociological inquiry. </p> <p>It's along these lines imperative to forestall confused words in your theme as it would constrain perusers to look for the meaning of new words, which may be tedious and off-putting. To arrive at such directedness, it's imperative to restrict your subject. It's additionally essential to pick a point that is fascinating for you. A captivating point for this sort of report is a precondition for all-around progress with perusers. </p> <h2> The One Thing to Do for Examples of Sociology Research Papers</h2> <p>Various features of sociological hypotheses will give to the new methods for humanism advancement and rousing society. Before you may compose a perfectly clear and intelligent human science paper, you require a firm appreciation of the suspicions and desires for the control. Consequently, it could be helpful to give a quick prologue to what soci ologists do. Additionally, to really comprehend humanism one must find strategies to examine a genuine society. </p> <p>Typically, social researchers ground the procedure in an assemblage of momentum writing. The investigation of culture has complex connections that gracefully the cultural data in the specific culture. Or then again you may look into the hierarchical structures of organizations and measure how they're changing under globalization. Sunlight based force and the manner in which it will profit society. </p>

Rhythmic Gymnastics - A Combination of Athleticism and Grace

Rhythmic Gymnastics - A Combination of Athleticism and Grace If, in six years time, I were to become a successful Hollywood screenwriter and was commissioned to write a screenplay about women in sports, I would have a hard time deciding what to write about. There are currently so many sports that women participate in that I cannot image what will be available in the future. Out of all the athletic activities in which women participate, I feel that gymnastics has been overlooked by Hollywood; therefore, I would most likely make a film based on that. I happen to be a fan of rhythmic gymnastics, and would like to see it gain more popularity in the United States. Rhythmic gymnastics is an amazing combination of athleticism and grace.†¦show more content†¦While this elegant sport is embraced across Europe and into Asia, the United States has shown little enthusiasm for rhythmic gymnastics. In my screenplay, I would choose to follow a rhythmic gymnastics team composed of high school girls. High school girls are the ones who would be competing in championships, and this movie would hopefully cause attendance of said meets to increase. I would write the script so that the movie would not get anything higher than a PG-13 rating. This would ensure that the majority of the population could go see the movie, and could bring their young children to enjoy it as well. Allowing young children to view the movie could increase interest in the sport from a younger age (as most rhythmic gymnasts start when they are very young). Out of the entire cast of women, I would pick a single protagonist to focus on. For the sake of the movie, she would most likely be the team captain – someone who is more experienced and has a better chance of winning in competition. People like to watch movies with successful conclusions, therefore the team that the movie followed needs to be able to win at the end. Therefore, it makes sense that the main character be of the top athletes. As for the issues that the movie would address, a few of the more prominent ones would be: women as competitive athletes, body image issues, athletic events

Cultures of Intercultural Negotiation

Question: Discuss about the Cultures of Intercultural Negotiation. Answer: Introduction: Identifying the cultural dimensions is important for the companies for successfully operating in a society by conforming to the socio-cultural requirements. The success of an organization depends on networking and negotiations. Hence, it is important to be aware of the cultural values and business etiquettes of a society. For achieving this particular propose, this report has discussed a cultural analysis of a certain market or economy. Here, for the successful completion of this report, the author has chosen Japan as the host country for business purpose. By analyzing the cultural identity of Japan and making a comparison between the business-culture of Japan and Singapore, the author has identified the difference/similarity in the workplace culture in both the two countries. Lastly, with Hofstedes cultural dimensions, the author has identified the cultural aspects of Japan and the potentials influence of them on the foreign companies trying to business in Japan. The rationale of choosing the country: The author has chosen Japan as the host country for business purpose. Author has chosen this country with the intention of investing on the Japanese domestic businesses. Singapore shares 50 years old diplomatic relation (Pease, Paliwoda Slater, 2015).With the idea of investment, Japan can be identified as one of the majorly potential countries for foreign investments. As mentioned by Pease, Paliwoda and Slater (2015), the diplomatic relation between these two countries is typically helpful for the business organizations for foreign investments. With the population of 127,103,388, citizens, the country is offering a huge market for the business organization (Park, 2014). As mentioned by Warner, (2014) Japan offers a huge range of highly educated workforce. Hence, for the companies which are investing in the Japanese market will be able to acquire a highly productive and trained workforce. On the other hand, with the governmental encouragement in collecting foreign investments in the domestic organizations, it is becoming easier for the foreign industries to invest in the Japanese market (Warner, 2014). As discussed by Slater and Strange (2013), through large scale monitory easing and various deregulations, the Japanese economy is showing an upward curve towards growth. It is providing a good market for the companies to operate. As mentioned by Yang et al. (2016) with the 3rd rank in the GDP collection of the nation, it is being one of the leading economy and a sophisticated market. As mentioned by Pollock, (2016) this stability in the economic position is helpful for the companies for investment, as no issues like lack of disposable income or inflation are likely to influence the business negatively. As discussed by Pease, Paliwoda and Slater (2015), investing in Japan will not only open the market with 127 million citizens, but also offer a steady business market to the other Asian countries. Investing in Japan will also provide the benefit of working in the showroom for the rest of Asia (Pollock, 2016). With all these reasons beneficial for the business operation and strategic investment, the author has chosen Japan, as the subject of this particular report. Cultural analysis of Japan: The cultural custom of Japan is critically integrated to its cultural values. Japanese value typically focuses on respect, manner, benevolence and empathy. As mentioned by Crane, Kawashima and Kawasaki (2016), the individualistic culture and value is condemned in the Japanese culture. According to the values of the Japanese society, harmony is one of the guiding philosophy in the business and familial settings in Japan. As mentioned by Sugimoto (2014), the Japanese people places immense emphasis on personal responsibility and politeness. They can work for different products at universal level. Japanese find it crucial for working with integrity and for upholding productivity. One of the major cultural aspects that distinguish Japan from many other countries is their custom of addressing people with respect. As mentioned by Wolf (2013), bowing is less than an art form in Japan. For the visitors, a simple inclination of the head or an attempt at a bow at the waist will usually suffice. It is considered as a very important etiquette in Japan. Greetings hold a great position in the Japanese culture. In addition, one of the unique customs that Japan maintains is a no tipping policy. As mentioned by Yang et al. (2016), in Japan, tipping is considered as rude and degrading. The cultural value of the country maintains a high self esteem. Hence, they find it a kind of insulting behavior. As mentioned by Warner (2014), in the case of showing appreciation for the service, it is better to offer a small gift. Use of chopsticks also makes the Japanese stand out of the crowd. It holds a significant importance in their culture and custom. As mentioned by Crane, Kawashima and Kawasaki (2016), Japanese treat it as a taboo to pass foods from the chopsticks to chopsticks. According to the Japanese customs this is the way of handling the bones of a deceased by his family members after cremation. In addition to this, mismatched chopsticks are not to be used (Lee, 2015). Use of chopsticks also has a considerable significance in the religious value of the Japanese people. Hence, it is important to use a chopstick in such a manner so that the cultural belief does not get hurt. As mentioned by Lee (2015), the Japanese culture sets huge value to the idea of face. Saving face is greatly important for them, as it related to the public reputation and attitude of others to the Japanese people. The Japanese believe that it is rude and embarrassing to turning down the requests of others as it causes loss of face to the other person. As mentioned by Warner (2014), face is the mark of personal dignity and the means of holding a high status with ones peers. It directs them to be devoid of any acts like open criticism and insulting others. A comparison of the business culture of Japan and Singapore: While opting for a comparison, it can be noticed that Japan and Singapore shares a great level of similarity in the work culture and business etiquettes. As mentioned by Hasegawa and Noronha (2014), being two countries from the Asian region Singapore and Japan share almost same vales for in their cultural lives. The business culture of Japan hugely integrated to the cultural norms and values of this nation. As mentioned by Wolf (2013), the Japanese people put great emphasis on upholding a formal relation within the workplace and organizational environment. Formals are hugely important for business meetings, both for the male and the female employees. The Japanese are very formal and ritualized. It is important to show the correct amount of respect and differentiate according to the status of the people. In Japan, maintaining the hierarchical structure and procedural behavior in dealing with the colleagues and the managerial executives is typically important. From greeting to negotiation, Japan concentrates on the maintenance of the code of conduct to pay respect to the hierarchical position of the management (Hasegawa Noronha, 2014). On the other hand, in the case of Singapore, the business attire depends on the occupation itself. However, they mostly prefer the formal attire in the workplace (Yeo Pang, 2016). In Singapore, small talks are common at the outset of a meeting, as they consider it as getting-to-know-you phase (Polevikova, 2013). However, the Japanese hold a rigid social attitude. The Japanese people prefer to be reserve in their social life, whereas the Singaporeans are more free and open. As discussed by Hasegawa and Noronha (2014), though both the countries maintain a formal attitude in the workplace, Singaporeans are more free and liberal than the Japanese people In both the countries, power structure is an important aspect of societal and organizational relation. In the corporate sector, both the countries maintain a code of conduct by putting regulation on behaving with the colleagues according to the power structure (Warner, 2014). As mentioned by Slater and Strange (2013), in Japan, bow is a traditional way of greeting by showing right respect to the people according to their status whereas Singapore maintains a casual handshake for greetings in the corporate meetings (Yeo Pang 2016). With a more free approach, the Singaporeans maintain a global greeting culture. Use of Hofstedes cultural dimensions: As discussed by Bergiel, Bergiel and Upson (2012), the cultural dimensions mentioned by Geert Hofstede are helpful in identifying the different cultural identities of various countries. With the five dimensions of cultural perspectives, the cultural distinctiveness of the country can be identified which would be helpful in managing business in that particular society by conforming to the cultural norms. The five dimensions for Japan: Power distance: As mentioned by Wolf (2013), in Japan, power distance holds a huge importance in the cultural dimensions. Here, the society is hierarchical and so does the organizational setup. The Japanese people are conscious about their hierarchical position in the social and organizational settings. As mentioned by Yang et al. (2016), a high power distance can be identified in the organizational culture of a Japanese company. Hence, it is important for a foreign company to know that the decision making process in a Japanese company will be moderately slow, as it depends on the hierarchal structure for the organization (van der Laan Yap, 2016). Individualism vs. Collectivism: The Japanese culture values the idea of collectivism in the social lives. As mentioned by Yang et al. (2016), the Japanese culture focuses on the co-operation not on the competition in the organizational set up. The Japanese people are group oriented and place more emphasis on harmony of a group. The Japanese companies tend to prize success of a group achievement than to individual success. However, as mentioned by Eckard Marchiori, Carraher and Stiles (2014), the Japan can be identified as moderately individualistic, as the Japanese people are famous for their loyalty to the organization, which is an Individualist decision. Hence, it is important for a foreign company that it will be hard for the organization to collect the individual feedback from its Japanese workforce, as they will be reluctant to affect the team harmony. However, a foreign company while working in Japan will surely experience loyalty and commitment (Park, 2014). Masculinity vs. Femininity: As mentioned by Bergiel, Bergiel and Upson (2012), the idea of masculinity explains that the society will be driven by competition, achievement and success. This side of dimension represents a preference in society for achievement, heroism and material reward for success; whereas a feminine society mostly emphasis on the value of caring for others and quality of life. As opined by Eckard Marchiori, Carraher and Stiles (2014), the Japanese society is hugely masculine with putting grate importance on the competition between groups. In the corporate settings, the employees are most motivated when they are fighting in a winning team against the competitors. They are driven for perfection and in production and material services. It will be helpful for the foreign companies to motivate the workforce in thriving for excellence. Uncertainty avoidance: A society rigid to the changes and prefers to be prepared to deal with the uncertain future can be identified as the uncertainty avoiding country (Bergiel, Bergiel Upson, 2012). In the corporate settings, the companies put huge efforts and time to identify the risk factors and the feasibility related to a certain project. As discussed by Wolf (2013), the Japanese have distaste towards uncertainty and emphasize arrangement as well as codes of behavior. Hence, the foreign companies need to make a formal and structured work culture with putting emphasis on the task specification. Moreover, while introducing change in ay sector of a business, the management needs to take time and mould the workforce to accept it. Long term/Short term: As mentioned by Bergiel, Bergiel and Upson (2012), this dimension examines the extent to which a society shows a pragmatic future-oriented perspective rather than a conventional historic short-term point of view. Japan is a long-term oriented society. In the corporate culture, there is a tendency investing in the RD and a focus on the higher own capital rate and steady market growth (Wolf, 2013). Hence, it is important for the foreign companies to lay strategies by concentrating on the future market trend and ensuring sustainability for the organization. The company needs to invest on the RD initiatives and indentifying the future market demand concentrate on the product and service development. Conclusion: Hence, it can be concluded that the Japanese business environment is typically conducive to the foreign business initiatives. With the liberal market, high GDP growth rate and strong workforce the nation is economically stable for successful collection of foreign investments. On the other hand, the cultural dimensions of Hofstede determine that the Japanese society believes on the long term business goals with clear strategic plan. Hence, it can be predicted that the plan of the author for investing in Japan will be successful indeed. References: Bergiel, E. B., Bergiel, B. J., Upson, J. W. (2012). Revisiting Hofstede's Dimensions: Examining the Cultural Convergence of the United States and Japan.American Journal of Management,12(1), 69. Crane, D., Kawashima, N., Kawasaki, K. I. (Eds.). (2016). Global culture: Media, arts, policy, and globalization. Routledge. Eckard Marchiori, B., E. Carraher, C., Stiles, K. (2014). Understanding and overcoming business etiquette differences in Japan, Turkey, and the United States of America.Journal of Technology Management in China,9(3), 274-288. Hasegawa, H., Noronha, C. (Eds.). (2014).Asian business and management: Theory, practice and perspectives. Palgrave Macmillan. Lee, K. S. (2015). The Influence of Multi-Level Cultures of Intercultural Negotiation: National, Business, and Organizational Cultures of the US and Japan. InProceedings of the 1992 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 160-164). Springer International Publishing. Park, J. (2014). Responsible Investing in the Asia-Pacific Region: Understanding Sustainability and Investments in Japan and Hong Kong/China in an Era of Global Climate and Environmental Change. Pease, S., Paliwoda, S., Slater, J. (2015). Globalisation, Levitt and the Evidence from Japan and Singapore. InRevolution in Marketing: Market Driving Changes(pp. 140-140). Springer International Publishing. Polevikova, M. (2013). Business Environment in Singapore. Pollock, J. . D. (2016). Breaking Down the Walls of Japan: Japan's Slow International Integration. Slater, J., Strange, R. (Eds.). (2013).Business relationships with East Asia: the European experience. Routledge. Sugimoto, Y. (2014).An introduction to Japanese society. Cambridge University Press. van der Laan, L., Yap, J. (2016). Business in the Asia Pacific Region. In Foresight Strategy in the Asia Pacific Region (pp. 23-57). Springer Singapore. Warner, M. (2014). Culture and management in Asia. Routledge. Wolf, R. (2013). Management Relations in the Work Culture in Japan as Compared to That of the West.Innovative Journal of Business and Management,2(5). Yang, G., Hsu, D., Haas, A., Steinberg, H. (2016, October). Entrepreneurial customer service, cultural differences, the big 5 in china, greece, japan, the united states. InAcademy of Entrepreneurship(p. 23). Yeo, S. L., Pang, A. (2016). Asian multiculturalism in communication: Impact of culture in the practice of public relations in Singapore.Public Relations Review.